For GS-12: Your resume must demonstrate at least one year of specialized experience at or equivalent to the GS-11 grade level or pay band in the Federal service or equivalent experience in the private or public sector. Specialized experience must demonstrate the following: planning or conducting complex studies of interrelated systems impacting multiple departments, or performing compliance reviews to draft operational policies for technical or logistics systems, or conducting organizational and manpower studies to justify resource and position restructures, or developing data-tracking tools or reporting procedures to improve organizational efficiency and work processes. For GS-11: Your resume must demonstrate at least one year of specialized experience at or equivalent to the GS-09 grade level or pay band in the Federal service or equivalent experience in the private or public sector. Specialized experience must demonstrate the following: conducting studies on work processes and procedures to identify and recommend improvement, gathering and analyzing data from management information systems to assess program effectiveness, or assisting in the development of guidance and recommendations on program policies and processes to improve organizational efficiency. Additional qualification information can be found from the following Office of Personnel Management web site: https://www.opm.gov/policy-data-oversight/classification-qualifications/general-schedule-qualification-standards/#url=List-by-Occupational-Series Experience refers to paid and unpaid experience, including volunteer work done through National Service programs (e.g., professional, philanthropic, religious, spiritual, community, student, social). Volunteer work helps build critical competencies, knowledge, and skills and can provide valuable training and experience that translates directly to paid employment.